Tag Archives: Wendell Berry

Motion and Rest

This is mostly about Goethe’s Faust, but it was not going to be. Faust says he never wants to sit still. It doesn’t seem like a great idea.

Parthenon

Athens, Monday, July 10, 2017

If, as Wikipedia now mentions, and John Warner discusses in the fittingly titled “That’s Not What Lolita Is About” (November 16, 2025) – if Elisa New recommended that Jeffrey Epstein read Lolita (which I have read) and My Antonia (which I haven’t), why not Faust?

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The System

After sitting behind his father on a motorcycle for a day, and riding through a thunderstorm, Chris Pirsig wants to tell and hear ghost stories. He asks whether his father believes in ghosts.

Clear blue sky above; below, a sand beach, with a strip of sea visible; on the left, a brick road parallel to the shore passes in the distance through trees

Altınova, September 10, 2025

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Gödel and AI

To prove that no recursive theory of addition and multiplication of the counting numbers can be complete, Gödel relies on the distinction between the subjective and the objective. I suggested this in “Subjective and Objective,” while noting also that, for a computer, all is subjective.

At the inner corner of a street, interlocking bricks break out of their pattern

Incomplete pavement
Altınova, Ayvalik, Balıkesir
September 9, 2025

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Artificial Language

TL;DR: AI writing is like human writing. Of course it is, since its model is human writing. But then what AI produces is like bad human writing.

My sources include Plato, Wendell Berry, George Orwell, E. B. White, William Deresiewicz, Hadley Freeman, Andrew Kay, Kenneth G. Crawford, Hollis Robbins, Yuval Noah Harari, William Egginton, Megan Fritts, and Vi Hart.


About preparing certain seeds for human consumption in an infusion:

For sensory attributes, I’m admittedly Platonic and believe that since coffee is a fruit, it should taste something like a fruit. (And it’s not just any fruit – it’s a cherry!) My roasting philosophy comes from the same conviction. Generally, I’m after bright, juicy, fruity, syrupy goodness.

Thus Caleb Bilgen, founder of Ánimo Coffee Roasters in Asheville, North Carolina.

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From a terrace beneath an awning, a low wall obscured by ivy, oleander, and quince; on the other side, a lawn with a jungle gym; beyond this, a weeping willow and a small white house beneath umbrella pines

What I see as the sun rises
Altınova, Ayvalik, Balıkesir
September 5, 2025

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Prairie Life

I’m going to make some comparisons here, even some likenings, mainly between

  • Robert Pirsig, Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance (1974), especially chapter 2, and
  • Wendell Berry, “Conservation is Good Work” (Sex, Economy, Freedom & Community, 1993; reprinted in Essays 1993–2017, Library of America, 2019).

Pirsig recounts a motorcycle trip west from Minnesota across the prairie. The riders pass through Yellowstone National Park, but Pirsig does not like it. At least his former self did not like it. This is in chapter 12 of ZAMM:

The guided-tour attitude of the rangers angered him. The Bronx Zoo attitudes of the tourists disgusted him even more … It seemed an enormous museum with exhibits carefully manicured to give the illusion of reality, but nicely chained off so that children would not injure them.

For Berry, such parks set the wrong standard for what should be conserved:

Right at the heart of American conservation, from the beginning, has been the preservation of spectacular places. The typical American park is in a place that is “breathtakingly” beautiful or wonderful and of little apparent economic value. Mountains, canyons, deserts, spectacular landforms, geysers, waterfalls – these are the stuff of parks. There is, significantly, no prairie national park.

I do see that Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve was created in Kansas in 1996.

A number of roses in three groups on canes sharing a root, against ground covered with pine needles; the shadow of a tree trunk divides the scene diagonally

Roses in the garden
Altınova, Ayvalik, Balıkesir
September 2, 2025

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On Kant’s Groundwork

Below are some notes (by me) on Immanuel Kant’s 1785 treatise, Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Sitten. This is the work that introduces the categorical imperative. My notes are in sections corresponding to Kant’s, but with my own titles (after the preface):

  1. That there appears to be a moral law.
  2. What the moral law must be.
  3. Whether there can be a moral law.

The English title of the treatise is Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals. Apparently the first word can also be Grounding or Foundation or even Fundamental Principles, and the ensuing preposition can be of. Also, in imitation of the German, Metaphysics can be made singular in form.


Book, bottle, &c. on picnic table; through the trees beyond, water with a passage to open sea

One place I have been reading Kant is Çamlık Parkı, Erguvantepe, Kireçburnu, Sarıyer, İstanbul, here on Wednesday, July 2, 2025. Çamlık = pine grove; erguvan = Judas tree: tepe = peak; kireç burnu = lime point (source for the construction of Rumeli Hisarı, a fortress used in the Ottoman siege of Constantinople, which led to the conquest of the city in 1453); sarı yer = yellow place, perhaps so named for the soil in some part of today’s borough.

The view is of the Bosphorus as it opens to the Black Sea. Jason would have passed through the opening with the Argonauts, and Xenophon with the Ten Thousand. Now the third Bosphorus Bridge crosses it


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Astronomy Anomaly

Aristotle was the subject of the last three posts on this blog:

Perception Deception
The Philosopher asserts in De Anima that the eyes cannot be in error about color; Josef Albers contradicts this.
Imitation Limitation
In the Poetics, Aristotle seems to use mimêsis as a differentia of poiêsis among the technai. Arts not poetry are nonetheless imitative, but perhaps artists are to be distinguished for imitating themselves.
Purity Obscurity
Does catharsis clean the emotions, or wash them away?

Two more posts might have taken up the latter half of the Poetics, but they never materialized.

I turn now to the work held under the arm of Aristotle’s teacher, at the center of Raphael’s School of Athens.


Small book atop a pile of rubble on a beach, sea beyond

Altınova, Balıkesir, Monday, June 16, 2025

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Poetry and Mathematics

This reviews some reading and thinking of recent weeks, pertaining more or less to the title subjects, of which it may be worth noting that

  • poetry is from ποιέω “make”;
  • mathematics is from μανθάνω “learn.”

Summary added August 23, 2020: Mathematics may bring out such emotions as poetry does; but in the ideal, a work of mathematics is correct or not, in a sense that everybody will agree on. Here I review work of

  1. Lisa Morrow, writing in Meanjin as an immigrant to Istanbul, like me.
  2. Wendell Berry, in “The Peace of Wild Things,” which things “do not tax their lives with forethought / of grief,” and include the stars.
  3. Randall Jarrell, in The Animal Family.
  4. Mary Midgley, in Evolution as a Religion, on how we see animals.
  5. James Beall, astronomer, poet of the stars, tutor at my college.
  6. Edith Södergran, in “God,” as translated by Nicholas Lawrence in Cordite.
  7. Lukas Moodysson, in Fucking Åmål, where Agnes’s father notices that his daughter is reading Edith Södergran.
  8. Thomas J.J. Altizer, in The Gospel of Christian Atheism, a book that I kept from my father’s collection.
  9. Özge Samancı, in Dare to Disappoint, where the character to be disappointed is the father of the artist, and where Özlem (the artist’s friend and mine) praises the poetry of mathematics.
  10. Fiona Hile, writing, quâ editor of an issue of Cordite featuring poetry of mathematics, about the set theory of Maryanthe Malliaris and Saharon Shelah.
  11. Anupama Pilbrow, a poet writing in Meanjin about studying mathematics.
  12. Robert Pirsig, about students who ask their teacher, “Is this what you want?”
  13. R. G. Collingwood, who in Speculum Mentis analyzes Art, Religion, Science, History, and Philosophy as modes of existence.
  14. Michael Oakeshott, supposedly influenced by Collingwood, but also considered a forefather of “postmodern conservatism,” and analyzing existence into different modes from Collingwood’s, the latter according to the article in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy by Terry Nardin, who reports, “to insist on the primacy of any single mode is not only boorish but barbaric.”
  15. Allan Bloom, who suggests, in The Closing of the American Mind, that for Ronald Reagan, for the Soviet Union to be “the evil empire” and to “have different values” from the United States is the same thing.
  16. Galen Strawson, who seems to belie the possibility of different modes of being by saying, “we know exactly what consciousness is,” and also, “The nature of physical stuff is mysterious except insofar as consciousness is itself a form of physical stuff,” when (according to me) consciousness is simply not physical, not in the sense of being studied by physics.

A Twitter friend living here in Istanbul announced (on June 16) her pleasure in having a memoir published in Meanjin.

Meanjin cover, Winter 2020: a bird crushed by a stone heart

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Liberation

This article is based on quotations from three writers, of three different nationalities, who share a spirit with which I am in sympathy:

Fukuoka
“The ultimate goal of farming is not the growing of crops, but the cultivation and perfection of human beings.”
Pirsig
“The real cycle you’re working on is the cycle called ‘yourself.’ ”
Collingwood
“I thought that the democratic system was not only a form of government but a school of political experience coextensive with the nation.”

The books quoted here: The One-Straw Revolution, Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance, and An Autobiography. They all have on their covers a similar forest green, along with black

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